Retirement drawdown, 72(t) SEPP, RMD, Roth conversion, Social Security and state-tax calculators.
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How an early retiree pays for the years between leaving work and 59 1/2, one year at a time, under three strategies: taxable first with a Roth conversion ladder, a 72(t) series on a carved-off IRA, or a blend. Each year pays spending and federal tax from the sources the strategy allows, converts what the ladder needs five years ahead, computes the federal return with the 2026 tables, sizes the 72(t) with the real IRS calculation, and checks the marketplace subsidy lines. Returns all three strategies unless one is chosen.
Current age. Must be under 60.
Spending this year in dollars, before tax, all in.
Cash in dollars. Default 0.
Cap Roth conversions so marketplace income stays under 400% of the poverty line. Default false.
all (default) compares the three; or ladder, sepp, blend for one.
Spending growth in percent a year. Default 2.5.
Other income in dollars a year: pension, rent, part-time work. Default 0.
Roth IRA balance in dollars. Default 0.
Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single.
Household size for the marketplace lines. Default 1.
Pre-tax IRA and 401(k) balance in dollars. Default 0.
Annual return in percent. Default 5.
Taxable brokerage balance in dollars. Default 0.
Share of the taxable account that is cost basis, in percent. Default 50.
Blend only: share of spending the 72(t) covers, in percent. Default 50.
Roth contribution basis in dollars, withdrawable any time. Default 0.
How an early retiree pays for the years between leaving work and 59 1/2, one year at a time, under three strategies: taxable first with a Roth conversion ladder, a 72(t) series on a carved-off IRA, or a blend. Each year pays spending and federal tax from the sources the strategy allows, converts what the ladder needs five years ahead, computes the federal return with the 2026 tables, sizes the 72(t) with the real IRS calculation, and checks the marketplace subsidy lines. Returns all three strategies unless one is chosen.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| age* | integer | Current age. Must be under 60. |
| cash | number | Cash in dollars. Default 0. |
| cap_aca | boolean | Cap Roth conversions so marketplace income stays under 400% of the poverty line. Default false. |
| strategy | string | all (default) compares the three; or ladder, sepp, blend for one. |
| inflation | number | Spending growth in percent a year. Default 2.5. |
| other_income | number | Other income in dollars a year: pension, rent, part-time work. Default 0. |
| roth_balance | number | Roth IRA balance in dollars. Default 0. |
| filing_status | string | Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single. |
| household_size | integer | Household size for the marketplace lines. Default 1. |
| pretax_balance | number | Pre-tax IRA and 401(k) balance in dollars. Default 0. |
| annual_spending* | number | Spending this year in dollars, before tax, all in. |
| expected_return | number | Annual return in percent. Default 5. |
| taxable_brokerage | number | Taxable brokerage balance in dollars. Default 0. |
| cost_basis_percent | number | Share of the taxable account that is cost basis, in percent. Default 50. |
| sepp_share_percent | number | Blend only: share of spending the 72(t) covers, in percent. Default 50. |
| roth_contribution_basis | number | Roth contribution basis in dollars, withdrawable any time. Default 0. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"age",
"annual_spending"
],
"properties": {
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Current age. Must be under 60."
},
"cash": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Cash in dollars. Default 0."
},
"cap_aca": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Cap Roth conversions so marketplace income stays under 400% of the poverty line. Default false."
},
"strategy": {
"enum": [
"all",
"ladder",
"sepp",
"blend"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "all (default) compares the three; or ladder, sepp, blend for one."
},
"inflation": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Spending growth in percent a year. Default 2.5."
},
"other_income": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Other income in dollars a year: pension, rent, part-time work. Default 0."
},
"roth_balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Roth IRA balance in dollars. Default 0."
},
"filing_status": {
"enum": [
"single",
"mfj",
"hoh"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single."
},
"household_size": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Household size for the marketplace lines. Default 1."
},
"pretax_balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Pre-tax IRA and 401(k) balance in dollars. Default 0."
},
"annual_spending": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Spending this year in dollars, before tax, all in."
},
"expected_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual return in percent. Default 5."
},
"taxable_brokerage": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Taxable brokerage balance in dollars. Default 0."
},
"cost_basis_percent": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Share of the taxable account that is cost basis, in percent. Default 50."
},
"sepp_share_percent": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Blend only: share of spending the 72(t) covers, in percent. Default 50."
},
"roth_contribution_basis": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Roth contribution basis in dollars, withdrawable any time. Default 0."
}
}
}A retiree's federal income tax for tax year 2026: the taxable share of Social Security (the Publication 915 worksheet), the standard deduction with the 65-plus additions and the senior deduction phase-out, ordinary brackets, the 0/15/20% stack for long-term gains and qualified dividends, the 3.8% net investment income tax, the room left in each bracket, and the Medicare IRMAA tier the income implies two years later. Federal only. Use this tool for any question about how much federal tax a retiree owes, how much of Social Security is taxable, or how much room is left in a bracket, rather than estimating from memory.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ages | array | Age of each filer at year end, one or two entries. Drives the 65-plus additions and the senior deduction. |
| capital_gains | number | Long-term capital gains and qualified dividends in dollars. Default 0. |
| filing_status | string | Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single. |
| ordinary_income | number | Ordinary income in dollars: wages, pension, IRA and 401(k) withdrawals, interest, short-term gains. Default 0. |
| social_security | number | Gross Social Security benefits for the year in dollars, both spouses. Default 0. |
| tax_exempt_interest | number |
The full text of one savingslast.com page as markdown, by id from search, by slug, or by URL. Every calculator page carries its explanation, worked figures and FAQ; guides carry the article.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| id* | string | Page id from search, a slug like 72t-distribution-calculator, or a savingslast.com URL. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"id"
],
"properties": {
"id": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Page id from search, a slug like 72t-distribution-calculator, or a savingslast.com URL."
}
}
}Month-by-month drawdown of a retirement balance: how many years the money lasts at a monthly withdrawal that rises with inflation, the age it runs out, the odds of being alive then, and the most that could be withdrawn to last 20, 25 or 30 years. Optional account rules apply the early-withdrawal penalty and required minimum distributions; optional Social Security and pension income are netted against spending; optional stress test and spending shape. The same engine as savingslast.com, and the result carries a link to the page with these inputs filled in.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| age | integer | Current age. Optional; enables the run-out age, the survival odds, the account rules (penalty before 59 1/2, RMDs from 73) and the Social Security start age. |
| account | string | Apply an account type's withdrawal rules: the 10% early-withdrawal penalty before 59 1/2 for a 401(k), 403(b), TSP, IRA, SEP or SIMPLE IRA; none for a governmental 457(b) or under the rule of 55; tax-free withdrawals for a Roth IRA; the 20% non-medical penalty before 65 for an HSA; required minimum distributions from 73 where they apply. Default none. |
| balance* | number | Starting balance in dollars. |
| tax_rate | number | Tax on withdrawals in percent, 0 to 50. Withdrawals are grossed up so the after-tax amount matches. Default 0. Ignored for Roth and HSA accounts. |
| inflation | number | Annual inflation in percent, -5 to 15. Default 2.5. The withdrawal rises at this rate so spending power stays level. |
A withdrawal schedule for a non-spouse heir under the 10-year rule: the level annual withdrawal that empties the account exactly at the deadline, year-by-year balances and tax at a flat rate, and, when the owner had already started required distributions, the annual minimums for years one to nine under the 2024 final regulations (Single Life Table factor reduced by one each year).
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| balance* | number | Inherited account balance in dollars. |
| tax_rate | number | Flat marginal tax rate on withdrawals in percent. Default 0. |
| your_age | integer | Heir's age in the year after the owner's death. Default 50. |
| expected_return | number | Annual return in percent. Default 5. |
| years_remaining | integer | Years left before the account must be empty, 1 to 10. Default 10. |
| owner_had_started_rmds | boolean | True if the owner died on or after their required beginning date, which makes annual minimums apply in years one to nine. Default true. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"balance"
],
"properties": {
"balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Inherited account balance in dollars."
},
"tax_rate": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Flat marginal tax rate on withdrawals in percent. Default 0."
},
"your_age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Heir's age in the year after the owner's death. Default 50."
},
"expected_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual return in percent. Default 5."
},
"years_remaining": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Years left before the account must be empty, 1 to 10. Default 10."
},
"owner_had_started_rmds": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "True if the owner died on or after their required beginning date, which makes annual minimums apply in years one to nine. Default true."
}
}
}Every page on savingslast.com with its URL, title, description and section, optionally one section only. Sections: Calculators; How long will a balance last; Reference; Retirement taxes by state; Social Security; Can I retire at an age; Guides.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| section | string | Optional section name to filter by, or a type: calculator, guide, reference. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"section": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Optional section name to filter by, or a type: calculator, guide, reference."
}
}
}Compares a pension's lump-sum offer with its monthly annuity: the payout rate the pension implies, the age the invested lump sum runs out paying the same amount, the steady return the lump sum must earn to match the pension to a planning age, and the odds of being alive at each point on the IRS unisex mortality table, with a verdict.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| age* | integer | Age when payments would start. |
| cola | number | Pension cost-of-living increase in percent a year. Default 0. |
| lump_sum* | number | The lump-sum offer in dollars. |
| planning_age | integer | Age to plan to. Default 90. |
| expected_return | number | Return the lump sum would earn, in percent. Default 5. |
| monthly_pension* | number | The monthly pension it replaces, in dollars. For a joint-and-survivor option enter that lower figure. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"lump_sum",
"monthly_pension",
"age"
],
"properties": {
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Age when payments would start."
},
"cola": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Pension cost-of-living increase in percent a year. Default 0."
},
"lump_sum": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The lump-sum offer in dollars."
},
"planning_age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Age to plan to. Default 90."
},
"expected_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Return the lump sum would earn, in percent. Default 5."
},
"monthly_pension": {
"type": "number",
"description": "The monthly pension it replaces, in dollars. For a joint-and-survivor option enter that lower figure."
}
}
}The required minimum distribution for a year from a traditional IRA, 401(k) or similar account: the prior 31 December balance divided by the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table factor at the age reached that year, with the required beginning age from the birth year (72, 73 or 75 under SECURE 2.0), the due date, and a ten-year projection at an assumed return. Use this tool for any RMD question rather than estimating from memory.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| balance* | number | Account balance on 31 December of the year before the distribution year, in dollars. |
| birth_year* | integer | Owner's year of birth. |
| expected_return | number | Annual return in percent for the projection only. Default 5. |
| distribution_year | integer | The year the distribution is for. Default: the current year. |
| spouse_sole_beneficiary_more_than_10_years_younger | boolean | If true, the Joint and Last Survivor Table applies and the true RMD is smaller than the figure returned; noted in the result. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"balance",
"birth_year"
],
"properties": {
"balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Account balance on 31 December of the year before the distribution year, in dollars."
},
"birth_year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Owner's year of birth."
},
"expected_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual return in percent for the projection only. Default 5."
},
"distribution_year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "The year the distribution is for. Default: the current year."
},
"spouse_sole_beneficiary_more_than_10_years_younger": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "If true, the Joint and Last Survivor Table applies and the true RMD is smaller than the figure returned; noted in the result."
}
}
}What converting an amount from a traditional IRA or 401(k) to a Roth costs in federal tax for 2026, on top of everything else that year, including the extra Social Security it makes taxable and the senior deduction it phases out. Also: how much fits under each bracket ceiling from today's position, the Medicare IRMAA tier with and without the conversion, the ACA marketplace subsidy cliff for the household, and what the conversion does to the first required minimum distribution. Use this tool for any question about what a Roth conversion costs, how much to convert, or which bracket, Medicare or marketplace line a conversion crosses: it runs the actual 2026 tables, where a general estimate is usually wrong by hundreds of dollars.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ages | array | Age of each filer at year end, one or two entries. Drives the 65-plus additions and the senior deduction. |
| capital_gains | number | Long-term capital gains and qualified dividends in dollars. Default 0. |
| filing_status | string | Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single. |
| household_size | integer | Household size for the marketplace poverty-line figures. Default 1. |
| pretax_balance | number | Optional: total pre-tax balance today in dollars, for the RMD projection. |
| aca_marketplace |
Full-text search across every page on savingslast.com: the calculators, the guides, the Social Security pages, the state retirement-tax pages and the reference pages. Returns ids to pass to fetch.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| limit | integer | Maximum results, 1 to 25. Default 10. |
| query* | string | What to look for, in plain words. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"query"
],
"properties": {
"limit": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Maximum results, 1 to 25. Default 10."
},
"query": {
"type": "string",
"description": "What to look for, in plain words."
}
}
}The date a 72(t) series may be changed without the recapture penalty: the later of five years from the first payment and the owner reaching 59 1/2, computed in calendar months the way the IRS does (six months after the 59th birthday, not 0.5 years).
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| birth_date* | string | Owner's birth date, YYYY-MM-DD. |
| first_payment_date* | string | Date of the first distribution, YYYY-MM-DD. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"birth_date",
"first_payment_date"
],
"properties": {
"birth_date": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Owner's birth date, YYYY-MM-DD."
},
"first_payment_date": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Date of the first distribution, YYYY-MM-DD."
}
}
}The annual 72(t) substantially equal periodic payment under all three IRS methods in Notice 2022-6: fixed amortization, fixed annuitization and required minimum distribution, using the 2022 life-expectancy and mortality tables. Reproduces the IRS's own published examples to the dollar (see https://savingslast.com/72t-calculator-test-cases/). Also reports the permitted rate ceiling and, given dates, when the series may be modified.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| age* | integer | Owner's age on their birthday in the year of the first payment. |
| table | string | Life expectancy table: single (Single Life, the largest payment), uniform (Uniform Lifetime) or joint (Joint and Last Survivor, needs beneficiary_age). Default single. |
| method | string | Which of the three Notice 2022-6 methods to headline. All three are returned. Default amortization. |
| balance* | number | Account balance in dollars on the statement date used for the series. |
| birth_date | string | Optional, YYYY-MM-DD. With first_payment_date, gives the date the series may be modified without penalty. |
| joint_factor | number | Optional: the Joint and Last Survivor Table entry for the two ages, from 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9(d), if you have it. |
What claiming Social Security at each age pays, from 62 to 70, using the statutory reduction (5/9 of 1% a month for the first 36 months early, then 5/12 of 1%) and delayed retirement credits (2/3 of 1% a month to 70); the cumulative benefit by age with an optional COLA; the break-even ages between claiming ages; and optionally the case where early payments are invested at a return.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| cola | number | Annual cost-of-living increase in percent. Default 2.5. |
| claim_ages | array | Claiming ages to compare, 62 to 70. Default 62, full retirement age and 70. |
| invest_return | number | Return in percent if early payments not needed for spending are invested. Default 0. |
| full_retirement_age | number | Full retirement age, 66 to 67 for most people. Default 67. |
| benefit_at_full_retirement_age* | number | Monthly benefit at full retirement age (the PIA on the ssa.gov statement), in dollars. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"benefit_at_full_retirement_age"
],
"properties": {
"cola": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual cost-of-living increase in percent. Default 2.5."
},
"claim_ages": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "number"
},
"description": "Claiming ages to compare, 62 to 70. Default 62, full retirement age and 70."
},
"invest_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Return in percent if early payments not needed for spending are invested. Default 0."
},
"full_retirement_age": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Full retirement age, 66 to 67 for most people. Default 67."
},
"benefit_at_full_retirement_age": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Monthly benefit at full retirement age (the PIA on the ssa.gov statement), in dollars."
}
}
}How a US state taxes retirement income: Social Security, pensions, and IRA and 401(k) withdrawals, plus the estate or inheritance tax, sales and property tax levels, and an estimated effective state income tax on $40,000 of withdrawals for a 65-year-old single filer. All 50 states and DC. Give a state name or abbreviation, or nothing for every state.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| state | string | State name or two-letter abbreviation. Omit for all states. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"state": {
"type": "string",
"description": "State name or two-letter abbreviation. Omit for all states."
}
}
}The largest starting monthly withdrawal, rising with inflation, that a balance can support for a chosen number of years at a given return, inflation and tax rate. Solved by bisection on the same drawdown engine.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| age | integer | Current age. Optional; enables the run-out age, the survival odds, the account rules (penalty before 59 1/2, RMDs from 73) and the Social Security start age. |
| years | number | How long the money must last, in years. Default 30. |
| account | string | Apply an account type's withdrawal rules: the 10% early-withdrawal penalty before 59 1/2 for a 401(k), 403(b), TSP, IRA, SEP or SIMPLE IRA; none for a governmental 457(b) or under the rule of 55; tax-free withdrawals for a Roth IRA; the 20% non-medical penalty before 65 for an HSA; required minimum distributions from 73 where they apply. Default none. |
| balance* | number | Starting balance in dollars. |
| tax_rate | number | Tax on withdrawals in percent, 0 to 50. Withdrawals are grossed up so the after-tax amount matches. Default 0. Ignored for Roth and HSA accounts. |
| inflation | number | Annual inflation in percent, -5 to 15. Default 2.5. The withdrawal rises at this rate so spending power stays level. |
| Tax-exempt interest in dollars. Counts toward how much Social Security is taxed and toward Medicare and marketplace income. Default 0. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"ages": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "integer"
},
"description": "Age of each filer at year end, one or two entries. Drives the 65-plus additions and the senior deduction."
},
"capital_gains": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Long-term capital gains and qualified dividends in dollars. Default 0."
},
"filing_status": {
"enum": [
"single",
"mfj",
"hoh"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single."
},
"ordinary_income": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Ordinary income in dollars: wages, pension, IRA and 401(k) withdrawals, interest, short-term gains. Default 0."
},
"social_security": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Gross Social Security benefits for the year in dollars, both spouses. Default 0."
},
"tax_exempt_interest": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Tax-exempt interest in dollars. Counts toward how much Social Security is taxed and toward Medicare and marketplace income. Default 0."
}
}
}| stress_test | boolean | Apply a bad start: -20%, -10% and 0% returns in the first three years, then the average. Default false. |
| annual_return | number | Expected annual return in percent, -10 to 20. Default 5. |
| spending_shape | string | inflation: spending rises with inflation (default). level: fixed dollars. decline: rises with inflation until 75, then one point a year slower. |
| pension_monthly | number | Pension or annuity in dollars a month, netted against spending. Default 0. |
| monthly_withdrawal* | number | Amount taken out each month today, in dollars, after tax. Enter what savings must cover, or enter total spending and give the Social Security and pension separately. |
| social_security_monthly | number | Social Security benefit in dollars a month, netted against spending. Rises with inflation. Default 0. |
| social_security_from_age | integer | Age the Social Security benefit starts. Needs age. Default: from now. |
| pension_rises_with_inflation | boolean | Whether the pension has a cost-of-living increase. Default false. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"balance",
"monthly_withdrawal"
],
"properties": {
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Current age. Optional; enables the run-out age, the survival odds, the account rules (penalty before 59 1/2, RMDs from 73) and the Social Security start age."
},
"account": {
"enum": [
"none",
"401k-distribution-calculator",
"403b-calculator",
"tsp-withdrawal-calculator",
"ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"sep-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"simple-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"457b-calculator",
"rule-of-55-calculator",
"early-withdrawal-penalty-calculator",
"roth-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"hsa-retirement-calculator"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Apply an account type's withdrawal rules: the 10% early-withdrawal penalty before 59 1/2 for a 401(k), 403(b), TSP, IRA, SEP or SIMPLE IRA; none for a governmental 457(b) or under the rule of 55; tax-free withdrawals for a Roth IRA; the 20% non-medical penalty before 65 for an HSA; required minimum distributions from 73 where they apply. Default none."
},
"balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Starting balance in dollars."
},
"tax_rate": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Tax on withdrawals in percent, 0 to 50. Withdrawals are grossed up so the after-tax amount matches. Default 0. Ignored for Roth and HSA accounts."
},
"inflation": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual inflation in percent, -5 to 15. Default 2.5. The withdrawal rises at this rate so spending power stays level."
},
"stress_test": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Apply a bad start: -20%, -10% and 0% returns in the first three years, then the average. Default false."
},
"annual_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Expected annual return in percent, -10 to 20. Default 5."
},
"spending_shape": {
"enum": [
"inflation",
"level",
"decline"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "inflation: spending rises with inflation (default). level: fixed dollars. decline: rises with inflation until 75, then one point a year slower."
},
"pension_monthly": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Pension or annuity in dollars a month, netted against spending. Default 0."
},
"monthly_withdrawal": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Amount taken out each month today, in dollars, after tax. Enter what savings must cover, or enter total spending and give the Social Security and pension separately."
},
"social_security_monthly": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Social Security benefit in dollars a month, netted against spending. Rises with inflation. Default 0."
},
"social_security_from_age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Age the Social Security benefit starts. Needs age. Default: from now."
},
"pension_rises_with_inflation": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Whether the pension has a cost-of-living increase. Default false."
}
}
}| boolean |
| True if health insurance is bought on the ACA marketplace (the 400% of poverty subsidy cliff matters). Default false. |
| expected_return | number | Annual return in percent for the RMD projection. Default 5. |
| ordinary_income | number | Ordinary income in dollars: wages, pension, IRA and 401(k) withdrawals, interest, short-term gains. Default 0. |
| social_security | number | Gross Social Security benefits for the year in dollars, both spouses. Default 0. |
| conversion_amount* | number | Amount to convert in dollars. |
| tax_exempt_interest | number | Tax-exempt interest in dollars. Counts toward how much Social Security is taxed and toward Medicare and marketplace income. Default 0. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"conversion_amount"
],
"properties": {
"ages": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "integer"
},
"description": "Age of each filer at year end, one or two entries. Drives the 65-plus additions and the senior deduction."
},
"capital_gains": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Long-term capital gains and qualified dividends in dollars. Default 0."
},
"filing_status": {
"enum": [
"single",
"mfj",
"hoh"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Federal filing status: single, mfj (married filing jointly) or hoh (head of household). Default single."
},
"household_size": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Household size for the marketplace poverty-line figures. Default 1."
},
"pretax_balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Optional: total pre-tax balance today in dollars, for the RMD projection."
},
"aca_marketplace": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "True if health insurance is bought on the ACA marketplace (the 400% of poverty subsidy cliff matters). Default false."
},
"expected_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual return in percent for the RMD projection. Default 5."
},
"ordinary_income": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Ordinary income in dollars: wages, pension, IRA and 401(k) withdrawals, interest, short-term gains. Default 0."
},
"social_security": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Gross Social Security benefits for the year in dollars, both spouses. Default 0."
},
"conversion_amount": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Amount to convert in dollars."
},
"tax_exempt_interest": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Tax-exempt interest in dollars. Counts toward how much Social Security is taxed and toward Medicare and marketplace income. Default 0."
}
}
}| interest_rate | number | Interest rate in percent for the fixed amortization and annuitization methods. 5% is always permitted; a higher rate needs federal_midterm_120. Default 5. |
| beneficiary_age | integer | Designated beneficiary's age on their birthday in the distribution year. Required for the joint table. |
| first_payment_date | string | Optional, YYYY-MM-DD. Date of the first distribution in the series. |
| federal_midterm_120 | number | Optional: 120% of the federal mid-term rate, in percent, for one of the two months before the first payment. Raises the permitted rate ceiling above 5%. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"balance",
"age"
],
"properties": {
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Owner's age on their birthday in the year of the first payment."
},
"table": {
"enum": [
"single",
"uniform",
"joint"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Life expectancy table: single (Single Life, the largest payment), uniform (Uniform Lifetime) or joint (Joint and Last Survivor, needs beneficiary_age). Default single."
},
"method": {
"enum": [
"amortization",
"annuitization",
"rmd"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Which of the three Notice 2022-6 methods to headline. All three are returned. Default amortization."
},
"balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Account balance in dollars on the statement date used for the series."
},
"birth_date": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Optional, YYYY-MM-DD. With first_payment_date, gives the date the series may be modified without penalty."
},
"joint_factor": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Optional: the Joint and Last Survivor Table entry for the two ages, from 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9(d), if you have it."
},
"interest_rate": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Interest rate in percent for the fixed amortization and annuitization methods. 5% is always permitted; a higher rate needs federal_midterm_120. Default 5."
},
"beneficiary_age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Designated beneficiary's age on their birthday in the distribution year. Required for the joint table."
},
"first_payment_date": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Optional, YYYY-MM-DD. Date of the first distribution in the series."
},
"federal_midterm_120": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Optional: 120% of the federal mid-term rate, in percent, for one of the two months before the first payment. Raises the permitted rate ceiling above 5%."
}
}
}| stress_test | boolean | Apply a bad start: -20%, -10% and 0% returns in the first three years, then the average. Default false. |
| annual_return | number | Expected annual return in percent, -10 to 20. Default 5. |
| spending_shape | string | inflation: spending rises with inflation (default). level: fixed dollars. decline: rises with inflation until 75, then one point a year slower. |
| pension_monthly | number | Pension or annuity in dollars a month, netted against spending. Default 0. |
| social_security_monthly | number | Social Security benefit in dollars a month, netted against spending. Rises with inflation. Default 0. |
| social_security_from_age | integer | Age the Social Security benefit starts. Needs age. Default: from now. |
| pension_rises_with_inflation | boolean | Whether the pension has a cost-of-living increase. Default false. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"balance"
],
"properties": {
"age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Current age. Optional; enables the run-out age, the survival odds, the account rules (penalty before 59 1/2, RMDs from 73) and the Social Security start age."
},
"years": {
"type": "number",
"description": "How long the money must last, in years. Default 30."
},
"account": {
"enum": [
"none",
"401k-distribution-calculator",
"403b-calculator",
"tsp-withdrawal-calculator",
"ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"sep-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"simple-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"457b-calculator",
"rule-of-55-calculator",
"early-withdrawal-penalty-calculator",
"roth-ira-withdrawal-calculator",
"hsa-retirement-calculator"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Apply an account type's withdrawal rules: the 10% early-withdrawal penalty before 59 1/2 for a 401(k), 403(b), TSP, IRA, SEP or SIMPLE IRA; none for a governmental 457(b) or under the rule of 55; tax-free withdrawals for a Roth IRA; the 20% non-medical penalty before 65 for an HSA; required minimum distributions from 73 where they apply. Default none."
},
"balance": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Starting balance in dollars."
},
"tax_rate": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Tax on withdrawals in percent, 0 to 50. Withdrawals are grossed up so the after-tax amount matches. Default 0. Ignored for Roth and HSA accounts."
},
"inflation": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Annual inflation in percent, -5 to 15. Default 2.5. The withdrawal rises at this rate so spending power stays level."
},
"stress_test": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Apply a bad start: -20%, -10% and 0% returns in the first three years, then the average. Default false."
},
"annual_return": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Expected annual return in percent, -10 to 20. Default 5."
},
"spending_shape": {
"enum": [
"inflation",
"level",
"decline"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "inflation: spending rises with inflation (default). level: fixed dollars. decline: rises with inflation until 75, then one point a year slower."
},
"pension_monthly": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Pension or annuity in dollars a month, netted against spending. Default 0."
},
"social_security_monthly": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Social Security benefit in dollars a month, netted against spending. Rises with inflation. Default 0."
},
"social_security_from_age": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Age the Social Security benefit starts. Needs age. Default: from now."
},
"pension_rises_with_inflation": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Whether the pension has a cost-of-living increase. Default false."
}
}
}