Sea-level rise in Singapore: when a place or address floods, areas and people affected, IPCC AR6.
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Residents living in flooded parts of one planning area (e.g. Kallang, Punggol) at a sea-level rise or a year and scenario, and the first rise at which the area is reached.
A Singapore planning area (URA), e.g. "Kallang".
Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr".
A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m.
Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9).
moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high.
Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top.
Residents living in flooded parts of one planning area (e.g. Kallang, Punggol) at a sea-level rise or a year and scenario, and the first rise at which the area is reached.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| area* | string | A Singapore planning area (URA), e.g. "Kallang". |
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| rise_m | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"area"
],
"properties": {
"area": {
"type": "string",
"description": "A Singapore planning area (URA), e.g. \"Kallang\"."
},
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}For a Singapore postal code or place name: the sea-level rise at which it first connects to the sea, and roughly when each scenario gets there.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| query* | string | A postal code (e.g. 018956) or a place name. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"query"
],
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"query": {
"type": "string",
"description": "A postal code (e.g. 018956) or a place name."
}
}
}Island-wide impact at a sea-level rise (or a year and scenario): share of Singapore's land flooded, buildings reached, residents living in flooded areas.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| rise_m | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}The 55 URA planning areas the impact tools accept, with their resident populations.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
}
}
}A link that opens the Rising Shores map with the sea raised to a given rise (or a year and scenario).
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| rise_m | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}The planning areas with the most residents in flooded areas at a sea-level rise (or a year and scenario).
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| n | integer | How many areas (default 8, max 55). |
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| rise_m | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"n": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "How many areas (default 8, max 55)."
},
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}Named public places (hawker centres, schools, places of worship) reached by the sea at a rise, optionally of one kind or in one planning area.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| area | string | Limit to one planning area. |
| kind | string | |
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| limit | integer | Most names to list (default 20). |
| rise_m | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"area": {
"type": "string",
"description": "Limit to one planning area."
},
"kind": {
"enum": [
"hawker",
"school",
"worship"
],
"type": "string"
},
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"limit": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "Most names to list (default 20)."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}Projected sea-level rise at Singapore for a year and an emissions scenario (CCRS V3 2024, Ng et al. 2025, IPCC AR6), in metres above today's high-tide level.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| year* | integer | A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m. |
| scenario | string | moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high. |
| storm_surge | boolean | Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top. |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"year"
],
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"year": {
"type": "integer",
"description": "A year, 2025-2150 (with scenario), instead of rise_m."
},
"scenario": {
"enum": [
"moderate",
"high",
"upper"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "moderate = SSP2-4.5, high = SSP5-8.5, upper = SSP5-8.5 high end (planning). Default high."
},
"storm_surge": {
"type": "boolean",
"description": "Add an extreme storm surge and high tide (+1.3 m) on top."
}
}
}What the numbers are made from, their licences, and their limits. Read this before quoting any figure.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
{
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
}
}
}In which year each scenario reaches a given sea-level rise (metres above today's high tide), or "beyond 2150".
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| lang | string | Language of the answer: "en" (default) or "fr". |
| rise_m* | number | Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9). |
{
"type": "object",
"required": [
"rise_m"
],
"properties": {
"lang": {
"enum": [
"en",
"fr"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Language of the answer: \"en\" (default) or \"fr\"."
},
"rise_m": {
"type": "number",
"description": "Sea-level rise in metres above today's mean high water (0-9)."
}
}
}