Model a business acquisition: affordability, DSCR, capital stack, loan, seller note, SBA screen.
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Lay out sources and uses for a business acquisition and solve the senior loan as the remainder. Takes the price, working capital, closing costs, buyer and other equity, a seller note with its terms, senior loan terms and annual cash flow; returns the funding gap, each source as a share of total uses, the first-year debt service, the coverage by year and a cash-flow sensitivity. Use when the user asks how the whole purchase gets funded.
Buyer cash going into the deal. In US dollars.
The purchase price. In US dollars.
Annual cash flow available for debt service. In US dollars.
Existing debt of the target retired at close. In US dollars.
Seller note principal. In US dollars.
Seller note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%.
Senior loan rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%.
A coverage target to compare against, such as 1.25.
Equity from anyone else: a partner, an investor, a rollover. In US dollars.
Closing costs funded at close. In US dollars.
A fixed senior loan amount. Omit to solve the senior loan as the remainder. In US dollars.
Buyer cash on hand, to warn when the equity spends the reserve. In US dollars.
Working capital funded at close, beyond anything in the price. In US dollars.
Seller note maturity. In years.
Senior loan maturity. In years.
Cash the buyer intends to keep back. In US dollars.
Seller note amortization. Longer than the maturity leaves a balloon. In years.
Senior loan amortization. In years.
Months at the start of the seller note with no payment.
Annual payments on debt the business keeps after closing. In US dollars.
What happens to interest during standby months. "none": no interest accrues. "accrue-simple": interest accrues and is due at maturity. "capitalize-monthly": interest is added to principal each month.
Pick your client. Values in capitals, like YOUR_TOKEN, are yours to fill in.
Run in a terminal
claude mcp add --transport http duneland-financial https://dunelandfinancial.com/api/mcp/
Lay out sources and uses for a business acquisition and solve the senior loan as the remainder. Takes the price, working capital, closing costs, buyer and other equity, a seller note with its terms, senior loan terms and annual cash flow; returns the funding gap, each source as a share of total uses, the first-year debt service, the coverage by year and a cash-flow sensitivity. Use when the user asks how the whole purchase gets funded.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| debtPayoff | number | Existing debt of the target retired at close. In US dollars. |
| sellerNote | number | Seller note principal. In US dollars. |
| sellerRate | number | Seller note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| seniorRate | number | Senior loan rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| targetDscr | number | A coverage target to compare against, such as 1.25. |
| buyerEquity* | number | Buyer cash going into the deal. In US dollars. |
| otherEquity | number | Equity from anyone else: a partner, an investor, a rollover. In US dollars. |
| closingCosts | number | Closing costs funded at close. In US dollars. |
| seniorAmount | number | A fixed senior loan amount. Omit to solve the senior loan as the remainder. In US dollars. |
| cashAvailable | number | Buyer cash on hand, to warn when the equity spends the reserve. In US dollars. |
| purchasePrice* | number | The purchase price. In US dollars. |
| annualCashFlow* | number | Annual cash flow available for debt service. In US dollars. |
| workingCapital | number | Working capital funded at close, beyond anything in the price. In US dollars. |
| sellerTermYears | number | Seller note maturity. In years. |
| seniorTermYears | number | Senior loan maturity. In years. |
| liquidityReserve | number | Cash the buyer intends to keep back. In US dollars. |
| sellerAmortYears | number | Seller note amortization. Longer than the maturity leaves a balloon. In years. |
| seniorAmortYears | number | Senior loan amortization. In years. |
| sellerStandbyMonths | integer | Months at the start of the seller note with no payment. |
| retainedAnnualService | number | Annual payments on debt the business keeps after closing. In US dollars. |
| sellerStandbyInterest | string | What happens to interest during standby months. "none": no interest accrues. "accrue-simple": interest accrues and is due at maturity. "capitalize-monthly": interest is added to principal each month. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"required": [
"purchasePrice",
"buyerEquity",
"annualCashFlow"
],
"properties": {
"debtPayoff": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Existing debt of the target retired at close. In US dollars."
},
"sellerNote": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note principal. In US dollars."
},
"sellerRate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 6,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"seniorRate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 9.25,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Senior loan rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"targetDscr": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 5,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "A coverage target to compare against, such as 1.25."
},
"buyerEquity": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Buyer cash going into the deal. In US dollars."
},
"otherEquity": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Equity from anyone else: a partner, an investor, a rollover. In US dollars."
},
"closingCosts": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Closing costs funded at close. In US dollars."
},
"seniorAmount": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "A fixed senior loan amount. Omit to solve the senior loan as the remainder. In US dollars."
},
"cashAvailable": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Buyer cash on hand, to warn when the equity spends the reserve. In US dollars."
},
"purchasePrice": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "The purchase price. In US dollars."
},
"annualCashFlow": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual cash flow available for debt service. In US dollars."
},
"workingCapital": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Working capital funded at close, beyond anything in the price. In US dollars."
},
"sellerTermYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 5,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note maturity. In years."
},
"seniorTermYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 10,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Senior loan maturity. In years."
},
"liquidityReserve": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Cash the buyer intends to keep back. In US dollars."
},
"sellerAmortYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 5,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note amortization. Longer than the maturity leaves a balloon. In years."
},
"seniorAmortYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 10,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Senior loan amortization. In years."
},
"sellerStandbyMonths": {
"type": "integer",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 60,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Months at the start of the seller note with no payment."
},
"retainedAnnualService": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual payments on debt the business keeps after closing. In US dollars."
},
"sellerStandbyInterest": {
"enum": [
"none",
"accrue-simple",
"capitalize-monthly"
],
"type": "string",
"default": "accrue-simple",
"description": "What happens to interest during standby months. \"none\": no interest accrues. \"accrue-simple\": interest accrues and is due at maturity. \"capitalize-monthly\": interest is added to principal each month."
}
}
}Test whether a business acquisition supports its debt. Takes the purchase price, the seller's stated earnings, the buyer's equity share and loan terms; returns the cash flow after a market salary and capex, the senior loan, the annual debt service, the debt service coverage ratio (DSCR) against an initial-acquisition reference of 1.25 and an illustrative conventional reference of 1.50. These do not determine eligibility or approval. Use this first when the user has a price and earnings. Illustrative, not a commitment.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| interestRate | number | Senior loan rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| equityPercent | number | Buyer equity as a percentage of the purchase price. Default 20. |
| loanTermYears | number | Senior loan term. In years. |
| purchasePrice* | number | The purchase price. In US dollars. |
| capexAllowance | number | Annual maintenance capital spending. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars. |
| sellerNoteRate | number | Seller note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| addBacksRejected |
Compute the payment and amortization of a senior acquisition loan. Takes the principal, the rate, the term and the amortization period, with an optional annual cash flow for a coverage check; returns the monthly payment, first-year debt service, total interest, any balloon at maturity and the DSCR when cash flow is given. Use when the user asks what a loan of a given size costs each month or year.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| rate | number | Annual interest rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| termYears | number | Years to maturity. In years. |
| loanAmount* | number | Loan principal. In US dollars. |
| annualCashFlow | number | Annual cash flow available for debt service, for a coverage check. In US dollars. |
| amortizationYears | number | Years the payment amortizes over. Longer than the term leaves a balloon. Defaults to the term. In years. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"required": [
"loanAmount"
],
"properties": {
"rate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 9.25,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual interest rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"termYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 10,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Years to maturity. In years."
},
"loanAmount": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Loan principal. In US dollars."
},
"annualCashFlow": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual cash flow available for debt service, for a coverage check. In US dollars."
},
"amortizationYears": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Years the payment amortizes over. Longer than the term leaves a balloon. Defaults to the term. In years."
}
}
}Model seller financing in a business acquisition: amortizing or interest-only, with optional standby months and interest treatment. Returns the monthly payment, the first full amortizing year of service, the balloon due at maturity, total interest, the share of the price the note carries and coverage when cash flow is given. Use when the user asks what a seller note costs or what is owed at the end.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| noteRate | number | Note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%. |
| repayment | string | Amortizing payments, or interest only with principal due at maturity. |
| noteAmount* | number | Seller note principal. In US dollars. |
| maturityYears | number | Years to maturity. In years. |
| purchasePrice | number | The purchase price, for the share the note carries. In US dollars. |
| standbyMonths | integer | Months at the start with no payment. |
| annualCashFlow | number | Annual cash flow available for debt service, for a coverage check. In US dollars. |
Normalize a seller's earnings into seller's discretionary earnings (SDE), itemizing each add-back with a conservative case alongside, then bridge to cash flow available for debt service and apply a multiple range the user supplies. Returns claimed SDE, conservative SDE, excluded double-counted adjustments, cash flow for debt service and the value range. Use when the user asks what the earnings are or what the business is worth on them. The tool does not supply industry multiples.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| basis | string | What the base earnings figure is. Add-backs already inside the basis are refused. |
| cashTaxes | number | Cash taxes the buyer will pay. Bridge deduction. In US dollars. |
| adjustments | array | The add-backs and deductions claimed. |
| lowMultiple | number | Low SDE multiple the user supplies, such as 2.5. |
| baseEarnings* | number | The base earnings figure, in US dollars. May be negative. |
| highMultiple | number | High SDE multiple the user supplies, such as 3.5. |
| maintenanceCapex | number | Annual maintenance capital spending. Bridge deduction. In US dollars. |
Screen a business acquisition against baseline SBA 7(a) requirements: ownership citizenship, loan size, for-profit US operation, size standard, change of ownership, existing SBA debt, equity injection, seller note standby and credit elsewhere. Returns each rule as pass, review or constraint, with its source and verification status. This is a screen, not an eligibility finding: most rules route to review, and no answer produces "eligible". Use when the user asks whether an SBA loan is an option.
| Argument | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| citizenship | string | Is every individual owner, direct or indirect, a US citizen or US national with their principal residence in the United States, its territories or possessions? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| loan-amount | number | How much 7(a) principal would you be requesting? In US dollars. |
| for-profit-us | string | Is the target an operating, for-profit business located in the United States? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| size-standard | string | Does the target meet the SBA size standard for its industry? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| credit-elsewhere | string | Could the buyer obtain this financing on reasonable terms without an SBA guaranty? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| equity-injection |
We read every tool's name, description and inputs the way the model will, looking for instructions hidden from you. A clean result means no warning signs, not a guarantee. Scanned Nov 4, 2026.
| number |
| Add-backs the buyer cannot document. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars. |
| reportedEarnings* | number | The seller's stated SDE or EBITDA, before any haircut. In US dollars. |
| sellerNoteAmount | number | Seller note principal, if any. In US dollars. |
| ownerMarketSalary | number | What it costs to pay someone to run the business. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars. |
| sellerNoteStandby | boolean | True when the seller note is on full standby until the senior loan is repaid. |
| existingDebtService | number | Annual payments on debt the business keeps after closing. In US dollars. |
| sellerNoteTermYears | number | Seller note term. In years. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"required": [
"purchasePrice",
"reportedEarnings"
],
"properties": {
"interestRate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 9,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Senior loan rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"equityPercent": {
"type": "number",
"default": 20,
"maximum": 100,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Buyer equity as a percentage of the purchase price. Default 20."
},
"loanTermYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 10,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Senior loan term. In years."
},
"purchasePrice": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "The purchase price. In US dollars."
},
"capexAllowance": {
"type": "number",
"default": 30000,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual maintenance capital spending. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars."
},
"sellerNoteRate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 6,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"addBacksRejected": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Add-backs the buyer cannot document. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars."
},
"reportedEarnings": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "The seller's stated SDE or EBITDA, before any haircut. In US dollars."
},
"sellerNoteAmount": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note principal, if any. In US dollars."
},
"ownerMarketSalary": {
"type": "number",
"default": 150000,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "What it costs to pay someone to run the business. Deducted from earnings. In US dollars."
},
"sellerNoteStandby": {
"type": "boolean",
"default": false,
"description": "True when the seller note is on full standby until the senior loan is repaid."
},
"existingDebtService": {
"type": "number",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual payments on debt the business keeps after closing. In US dollars."
},
"sellerNoteTermYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 5,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note term. In years."
}
}
}| standbyInterest |
| string |
| What happens to interest during standby months. "none": no interest accrues. "accrue-simple": interest accrues and is due at maturity. "capitalize-monthly": interest is added to principal each month. |
| amortizationYears | number | Years the payment amortizes over. Ignored when interest-only. Defaults to the maturity. In years. |
| existingAnnualService | number | Annual service on other debt, such as the senior loan, for the coverage check. In US dollars. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"required": [
"noteAmount"
],
"properties": {
"noteRate": {
"type": "number",
"default": 6,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Note rate. Annual rate in percentage points. 9.25 means 9.25%."
},
"repayment": {
"enum": [
"amortizing",
"interest-only"
],
"type": "string",
"default": "amortizing",
"description": "Amortizing payments, or interest only with principal due at maturity."
},
"noteAmount": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Seller note principal. In US dollars."
},
"maturityYears": {
"type": "number",
"default": 5,
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Years to maturity. In years."
},
"purchasePrice": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "The purchase price, for the share the note carries. In US dollars."
},
"standbyMonths": {
"type": "integer",
"default": 0,
"maximum": 60,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Months at the start with no payment."
},
"annualCashFlow": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual cash flow available for debt service, for a coverage check. In US dollars."
},
"standbyInterest": {
"enum": [
"none",
"accrue-simple",
"capitalize-monthly"
],
"type": "string",
"default": "accrue-simple",
"description": "What happens to interest during standby months. \"none\": no interest accrues. \"accrue-simple\": interest accrues and is due at maturity. \"capitalize-monthly\": interest is added to principal each month."
},
"amortizationYears": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 30,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Years the payment amortizes over. Ignored when interest-only. Defaults to the maturity. In years."
},
"existingAnnualService": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual service on other debt, such as the senior loan, for the coverage check. In US dollars."
}
}
}| replacementManagement | number | Market cost of a manager to replace the owner. Bridge deduction. In US dollars. |
| workingCapitalIncrease | number | Annual working capital the business absorbs. Bridge deduction. In US dollars. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"required": [
"baseEarnings"
],
"properties": {
"basis": {
"enum": [
"net-income",
"ebitda",
"sde"
],
"type": "string",
"default": "net-income",
"description": "What the base earnings figure is. Add-backs already inside the basis are refused."
},
"cashTaxes": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Cash taxes the buyer will pay. Bridge deduction. In US dollars."
},
"adjustments": {
"type": "array",
"items": {
"type": "object",
"required": [
"category",
"label",
"amount"
],
"properties": {
"label": {
"type": "string",
"maxLength": 80,
"description": "A short label, such as \"Owner salary\"."
},
"amount": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "The adjustment amount. In US dollars."
},
"category": {
"enum": [
"interest",
"income-tax",
"depreciation",
"amortization",
"owner-compensation",
"owner-benefit",
"nonrecurring-expense",
"nonoperating-expense",
"nonoperating-income"
],
"type": "string"
},
"direction": {
"enum": [
"add",
"subtract"
],
"type": "string",
"default": "add",
"description": "Add-backs add; non-operating income subtracts."
},
"includeInConservative": {
"type": "boolean",
"default": true,
"description": "False for an add-back a lender would likely refuse."
}
}
},
"default": [],
"description": "The add-backs and deductions claimed."
},
"lowMultiple": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 20,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Low SDE multiple the user supplies, such as 2.5."
},
"baseEarnings": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": -500000000,
"description": "The base earnings figure, in US dollars. May be negative."
},
"highMultiple": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 20,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "High SDE multiple the user supplies, such as 3.5."
},
"maintenanceCapex": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual maintenance capital spending. Bridge deduction. In US dollars."
},
"replacementManagement": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Market cost of a manager to replace the owner. Bridge deduction. In US dollars."
},
"workingCapitalIncrease": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 500000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "Annual working capital the business absorbs. Bridge deduction. In US dollars."
}
}
}| string |
| Is the required equity injection available as the buyer’s own cash? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| existing-sba-debt | string | Does the buyer, or any affiliate, already have an SBA loan outstanding? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| change-of-ownership | string | Is this a complete change of ownership — the buyer acquiring 100% of the business? Leave out when the user has not said. |
| seller-note-standby | string | Does the structure rely on a seller note counting toward the equity injection? Leave out when the user has not said. |
{
"type": "object",
"$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
"properties": {
"citizenship": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Is every individual owner, direct or indirect, a US citizen or US national with their principal residence in the United States, its territories or possessions? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"loan-amount": {
"type": "number",
"maximum": 1000000000,
"minimum": 0,
"description": "How much 7(a) principal would you be requesting? In US dollars."
},
"for-profit-us": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Is the target an operating, for-profit business located in the United States? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"size-standard": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Does the target meet the SBA size standard for its industry? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"credit-elsewhere": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Could the buyer obtain this financing on reasonable terms without an SBA guaranty? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"equity-injection": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Is the required equity injection available as the buyer’s own cash? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"existing-sba-debt": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Does the buyer, or any affiliate, already have an SBA loan outstanding? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"change-of-ownership": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Is this a complete change of ownership — the buyer acquiring 100% of the business? Leave out when the user has not said."
},
"seller-note-standby": {
"enum": [
"yes",
"no",
"unknown"
],
"type": "string",
"description": "Does the structure rely on a seller note counting toward the equity injection? Leave out when the user has not said."
}
}
}